Gain Enhancement of Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Hemispherical and Spherical Dielectric Lens Structure for WiMAX Applications

In this paper a study of the directive gain enhancement obtained using a dielectric lens placed in the near field of radiating elements is discussed. The design and results of a single element patch antenna along with hemispherical and spherical lens radiating in C-band are detailed. The design has been accomplished using the 3D finite-element-method (FEM) electromagnetic EM simulator, HFSS, is used for the primary radiator-lens combination. Lenses reduce the size of the composite antenna while providing sufficient collimation comparable to a much larger array of apertures without compromising on the bandwidth. The microstrip patch antenna is designed to resonate at a frequency of 5.5GHz for WiMAX applications (5.4 GHz5.7GHz) with FR4 substrate. Keywords—Finite element method, HFSS, Decibel isotropic, Collimation, C-band, focal length.